Family: Arteriviridae

Subfamily: Zealarterivirinae

Subfamily: Variarterivirinae

Genus: Nuarterivirus

Distinguishing features

Members of this genus form a clade upon phylogenetic analysis (Figure 3. Arteriviridae). 

Virion

See discussion under family description. 

Subfamily: Variarterivirinae

Genus: Gammaarterivirus

Distinguishing features

Members of this genus infect mice and typically cause lifelong persistent infections without obvious symptoms. One isolate of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV C) has been associated with neurological disease in the C58 mouse strain. 

Virion

See discussion under family description. 

Subfamily: Variarterivirinae

Genus: Betaarterivirus

Distinguishing features

Betaarteriviruses infect pigs

Virion

See discussion under family description. 

Family: Arteriviridae

Subfamily: Variarterivirinae

Distinguishing features

Members of this subfamily form a clade upon phylogenetic analysis (Figure 3. Arteriviridae). They encode an nsp2 protein that is considerably larger than its counterparts in viruses of other subfamilies, mostly due to the hypervariable region flanked by PLP2 and TM1.  

Subfamily: Simarterivirinae

Genus: Zetaarterivirus

Distinguishing features

Kibale red colobus virus 1 (KRCV-1), a member of the only species in this genus. KRCV-1 infects Red colobus monkeys in Kibale National Park, Uganda, subclinically and persistently with high viral loads in the blood. 

Virion

See discussion under family description. 

Subfamily: Simarterivirinae

Genus: Thetaarterivirus

Distinguishing features

Mikumi yellow baboon virus 1 (MYBV-1) and Kafue kinda chacma baboon virus (KKCBV) infect wild baboons (genus Papio) subclinically.  

Virion

See discussion under family description. 

Subfamily: Simarterivirinae

Genus: Iotaarterivirus

Distinguishing features

Kibale red-tailed guenon virus 1 (KRTGV-1), DeBrazza’s monkey arterivirus (DeMAV), Pebjah virus (PBJV) infect Old World cercopithecine primates and cause hemorrhagic disease in captive macaques and subclinical infection in wild African primates of the genus Cercopithecus (KRTGV-1, DeMAV). 

Subfamily: Simarterivirinae

Genus: Etaarterivirus

Distinguishing features

The single known member of this genus Kibale red colobus virus 2 (KRCV-2) infects red colobus monkeys.  

Virion

See discussion under family description. 

Subfamily: Simarterivirinae

Genus: Epsilonarterivirus

Distinguishing features

The viruses simian hemorrhagic encephalitis virus (SHEV), Zambian malbrouck virus 1 (ZMbV- 1) and South African Free State vervet virus (FSVV) are known to infect Old World cercopithecine primates, causing haemorrhagic and encephalitic disease in captive macaques (SHEV) and subclinical infections in wild African primates of the genus Cercopithecus (ZMbV- 1, FSVV).