Members of this subfamily form a clade upon phylogenetic analysis (Figure 3. Arteriviridae). They encode an nsp2 protein that is considerably larger than its counterparts in viruses of other subfamilies, mostly due to the hypervariable region flanked by PLP2 and TM1.
Kibale red colobus virus 1 (KRCV-1), a member of the only species in this genus. KRCV-1 infects Red colobus monkeys in Kibale National Park, Uganda, subclinically and persistently with high viral loads in the blood.
See discussion under family description.
Mikumi yellow baboon virus 1 (MYBV-1) and Kafue kinda chacma baboon virus (KKCBV) infect wild baboons (genus Papio) subclinically.
See discussion under family description.
Kibale red-tailed guenon virus 1 (KRTGV-1), DeBrazza’s monkey arterivirus (DeMAV), Pebjah virus (PBJV) infect Old World cercopithecine primates and cause hemorrhagic disease in captive macaques and subclinical infection in wild African primates of the genus Cercopithecus (KRTGV-1, DeMAV).
The single known member of this genus Kibale red colobus virus 2 (KRCV-2) infects red colobus monkeys.
See discussion under family description.
The viruses simian hemorrhagic encephalitis virus (SHEV), Zambian malbrouck virus 1 (ZMbV- 1) and South African Free State vervet virus (FSVV) are known to infect Old World cercopithecine primates, causing haemorrhagic and encephalitic disease in captive macaques (SHEV) and subclinical infections in wild African primates of the genus Cercopithecus (ZMbV- 1, FSVV).
The natural nonhuman African primate host of simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) is not known but could be a species of baboon or a patas monkey. SHFV infection in Asian macaques causes a fatal hemorrhagic fever disease.
See discussion under family description.
Members of the subfamily Simarterivirinae have only been detected in African monkeys. Members of this subfamily are distinguished by the presence of four additional open reading frames downstream of the ORF1b replicase that are not present in members of other arterivirus subfamilies. Members of the Simarterivirinae also have three papain like protease proteins, nsp1α, nsp1β, and nsp1g.
The one known member of the genus Lambdaarterivirus infects the African giant pouched (Gambian) rat.
See discussion under family description.
Members of this subfamily form a clade upon phylogenetic analysis (Figure 3. Arteriviridae).
There is only one genus in the subfamily. See “Subfamily, genus and species demarcation criteria” section on the family for species demarcation criteria which are universal for all subfamilies.
