Etymology Name Page

Etymology: from saline, referring to the environment in which these viruses were found, and icosahedral, referring to the head morphology of viruses in the family; the suffix ‑virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Danakil Halobacteriales icosahedral virus 1, the founding member of this family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from various DNA viruses; the suffix -viria for realm taxa

Etymology: from the Latin ab, meaning "away, removed, not", and adenain-like capsid; the suffix -virae for kingdom taxa

Etymology: from prokaryote, and the Latin duobus gelata, meaning "double jelly" (a reference to double jelly-roll capsid protein); the suffix -viricota for phylum taxa

Etymology: from the Finnish ainoa, meaning "only" or "single", referring to the single-stranded DNA genome of viruses in this taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: to honor Jaana K.H. Bamford (nee Lautamo) who established phage research at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Finnish and lake, referring to the location where Flavobacterium phage FLiP, a member of the family, was isolated; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Belfryvirales and Vinavirales; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Atropos, one of the three Fates in Greek mythology, equivalent to Norns in Norse mythology; the suffix -virales for order taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Skuld, one of the three Norns, the most powerful beings in Norse mythology that govern the lives of gods and mortals; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from belfry, a tower (turret), referencing the turret-like appendages that decorate the capsid shell of viruses in this taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Latin turris, meanimg "turret", referring to the turreted structure of the icosahedral virion of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Coyopa, the god of thunder in Mayan mythology; the suffix -virales for order taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Chaac, the god of rain in Mayan mythology; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Viña del Mar, Chile, where phage PM2, a member of the taxon, was first isolated; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Greek asemos, meaning unknown, fameless or obscure, referring to the fact that phage NO16 was found to be globally distributed as a vibrio prophage but had not been detected using standard prophage-finding tools; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Autolykos, a Greek mythological character, who was described as being difficult to catch; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: derived from the Latin cortex, meaning “crust” or “bark”, referring to the protective layer of the capsid protein in virions of viruses in the family ; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Mestra, the wife of Autolykus; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Mount Parnassus where Autolykus lived in Greek mythology; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: to honour Dennis Bamford who first promoted the evolutionary unity of all DJR-MCP (double jelly-roll major capsid protein) viruses; the suffix -virae for kingdom taxa

Etymology: from nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs), an unofficial name for this group of viruses; the suffix -viricota for phylum taxa

Etymology: from the Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "large", referring to the extremely large genome size of viruses in this taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from alga, referring to the hosts of many viruses in this taxon: the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek φῦκος (phûkos), meaning “seaweed” and DNA for deoxyribonucleic acid, referring to the host (marine or freshwater eukaryotic algae) and the dsDNA genome of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the French imiter, meaning "to mimic", referring to mimiviruses (microbe-imitating); the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek ὀρθός (ortho), meaning "straight" or "correct" and Imitervirales, the parent taxon; the suffix ‑virineae for suborder taxa

Etymology: from microbe mimicking because the large particle size of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek πᾰρᾰ (para), meaning "related" or "similar" and Imitervirales, the parent taxon; the suffix ‑virineae for suborder taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos), meaning "other" or "another" and Mimiviridae, referring to the evolutionary relationship between the two families; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos), meaning "middle" and Mimiviridae, referring to the evolutionary relationship of viruses in the two families; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō) meaning "split" and Mimiviridae, referring to the evolutionary relationship of viruses in the two families; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from pithoviruses, iridoviruses, marseilleviruses and ascoviruses, members of the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Latin ovoideum cum ore meaning "ovoid with a mouth", referring to the virion morphology; the suffix -virinae for suborder taxa

Etymology: from hydrivirus; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Orpheus, a Thracian musician, poet and prophet in Greek mythology, and the addition of the vowel o; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa. Connection uncertain

Etymology: from Ancient Greek πίθος (píthos) a large container, referring to the morphology of virions of viruses in the family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the French cédrat, a type of lemon, referring to the morhology of virions of viruses in the family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: phonetically from the Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós), meaning "tube" or “sac”, referring to the virion-containing vesicles produced by cleavage of host cells, which are characteristic for viruses of this family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Iris (iridos), the daughter of mythological Greek gods, whose sign was the rainbow, referring to the iridescent appearance of invertebrates infected with viruses of the family as well as centrifuged pellets of virions; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Marseille, the French city where Marseillevirus marseillevirus, a member of the family, was discovered; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Japanese mamono (魔物), meaning “monster”, referring to the term "giant" used to describe the genome and virions of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Ukrainian мрія [outdated transliteration: mriya], meaning dream; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Yara, the mother of waters, a mythological character of the Tupi indigenous people of Brazil; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from the Middle English pokkes, meaning "pox", referring to the disease manifestation associated with some viruses in the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Asfarviridae and "faustovirus" (a likely member of the order together with "pacmanviruses" and "kaumoebaviruses"); the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from African swine fever and related viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the name of a higher-rank taxon for poxviruses proposed by Lwoff and Tournier in 1966 (“Chitovirales”; from the Greek χιτών, (khitōn), a tunic garment, referring to the morphological structure of poxviruses); the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Old English poc, meaning “pustule”, referring to the disease pox associated with some viruses of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from "precursor of certain plasmids", referring to the evolutionary relationship between viviricetessome viruses in the taxa and some plasmids; the suffix -viricota for phylum taxa

Etymology: from polinton-like supergroup; the suffix -viricotina for subphylum taxa

Etymology: from the Latin aqua, meaning water, and polinton (a reference to polintons first being associated with aquatic environments); the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from the Greek ἀρχός (archo), meaning "ruler, widespread", and polinton; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from phytoplankton and polinton; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin pharingea, meaning throat (a reference to adenovirids infecting adenoids); the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: to honour Wallace P. Rowe, one of the co-discoverers of adenoviruses in 1953, with the addition of the vowel a; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from adenoid, the tissue where adenoviruses, originally named adenoid degeneration viruses, were discoverd in 1953; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the initial naming of adintoviruses as polinton “transposons", referring to the type B DNA polymerase (PolB) and retrovirus-like integrase genes encoded by members of the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from the Latin amphi, meaning both, and polinton (a reference to the two lifestyles of polintoviricetes as transposons or viruses); the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Greek εὖ (eu) meaning true, and polinton (a reference to these viruses being the first polintoviricetes to be classified); the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from virophage; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from divergent penton proteins, referring to the exceptional genome organisation of members of the taxon; the suffix ‑virales for order taxa

Etymology: from rumen virophages, referring to the source of members in the family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from large virus dependent or associated, referring to the dependence on, or association with, a large dsDNA virus of the family Mimiviridae; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Maverick-related virus and the suffix -viro, referring to the first isolated member of the taxon; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Mimivirus dependent or associated, referring to the replication of taxon members in association with a mimivirus; the suffix ‑virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Sputnik virus 1, and the addition of the vowel o, referring to the first isolated member of the family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Lithuanian priklausomas, meaning "dependent", a reference to the family Lavidaviridae (large virus dependent associated) a member of the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Mary Burton Gulliver, the wife of Lemuel Gulliver in Gulliver’s Travels (a novel by Jonathon Swift) and the addition of the suffix -viro, referring to members of the family as most closely related to the large virophages; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Dishui Lake in China, where the first member of the family, Chlorella virophage isolate SW01, was obtained and the addition of the suffix -viro, referring to members of the family as related to the large virophages; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Lemuel Gulliver, the main character of Gulliver’s Travels (a novel by Jonathon Swift) and the addition of the suffix -viro, referring to members of the family as “giant" virophages but still relatively small compared to their associated giant viruses; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin omni meaning “all or everywhere”, the Ancient Greek λίμνη (límnē) meaning "lake" and the addition of the suffix -viro, referring to freshwater environments, since members of this virophage family were detected across a broad geographic range of freshwater lakes; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from predecessor of polintoviricetes; the suffix -viricotina for subphylum taxa

Etymology: from tectivirid-like, referring to viruses of the family Tectiviridae; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Kalamazoo, USA, where Pseudomonas phage PRD1 a member of the taxon was first isolated ; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Latin tectus, meaning "covered", referring to a lipid envelope covering the DNA compartment and separating the genomic DNA from a protein capsid in viruses of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin volvere, meaning “to roll”, referring to the rolling circle replication uniformly used by viruses in this realm; the suffix ‑viria for realm taxa.

Etymology: to honour Frederick Sanger, who used “phage phiX174” to deduce the first-ever DNA genome sequence; the suffix -virae for kingdom taxa

Etymology: from Escherichia phage phiX174, a member of the taxon that has been central to the history of virology and molecular biology; the suffix -viricota for phylum taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek μικρός (mikros), meaning "small", referring to the size of the genomes of viruses in the class; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from the Sanskrit अल्प (alpa), meaning "small, referring to the size of virus genomes in the order; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Danish lille, meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Norwegian liten, meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Islandic lítil (litill), meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Finnish pieni, meanimg "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Finnish pikku,meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes of in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Amoy, the romanized name of Xiamen University, where the founding member of this taxon was isolated; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Liberbacter sp., the hosts of representative viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Lithuanian mažas (mazas), meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin bulla, meaning "knob" or "stud", referring to the major spike protein on the surface of member viruses; the suffix ‑virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek Greek εὖ (eu), meaning "true " and Bullaviridae, a defunct family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Spanish pequeño (pequeno), meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Italian piccolo, meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Sardinian piticcu, meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Japanese gokusho, meaning "very small", referring to the genome size of member viruses, which are smaller than other microviruses; the suffix ‑virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the first letter of the Greek alphabet alpha and the Japanese gokusho, meaning "very small", referring to the genome size of member viruses; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the second letter of the Greek alphabet beta and the Japanese gokusho, meaning "very small", referring to the genome size of member viruses; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Group D and the vowel i, a previous name for this clade of viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Occitan pichon, meaning "small", referring to the size of virus genomes in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa