Etymology Name Page

Etymology: to honour the British plant virologist Michael A Mayo, past Life Member of the ICTV; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from tobamo-like, referring to the similarities in genome organization and possible expression strategy with tobamoviruses (family Virgaviridae); the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin toga, meaning “cloak”, possibly referring to the enveloped virion of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin virga, meaning "rod", referring to the virion morphology of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from turnip yellow mosaic virus, a member of the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek ἄλφα (álpha), the first letter of the Greek alphabet, and flexi, referring to the first family created from the division of the old family Flexiviridae, a group of filamentous and highly flexible viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek βῆτα (bêta), the second letter of the Greek alphabet, and flexi, referring to the second family created from the division of the old family Flexiviridae, a group of filamentous and highly flexible viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek δέλτα (délta), the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet, and flexi, referring to the fourth family created from the division of the old family Flexiviridae, a group of filamentous and highly flexible viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma), the third letter of the Greek alphabet, and flexi, referring to the third family created from the division of the old family Flexiviridae, a group of filamentous and highly flexible viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from turnip yellow mosaic virus, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from flavivirus supergroup, referring to a historical name for some members of the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from the Spanish amarillo, meaning "yellow", a reference to yellow fever virus, a member of the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Latin flavus, meaning “yellow”, referring to yellow fever, the disease caused by yellow fever virus, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hepar), meaning "liver" and the identifying letter from hepatitis C virus; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin pestis, meaning “plague”, referring to the devastating diseases associated with members of the family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Mag 115, the original designation of Nodamura virus, and Saitama Prefecture, Japan, where studies were done that led to the discovery of the virus ; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Nodamura virus, a member of the taxon, first isolated in the village of Nodamura, Japan; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Nodamura virus, a member of the family, first isolated in the village of Nodamura, Japan; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Sinaivirus, a defunct name for a member of the family and Halictivirus, an unclassified, closely related virus; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Tombusviridae, Luteovirus and Carmotetraviridae, three taxa included in the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from tombusvirus-like, referring to Tombusviridae, a family included in the taxon ; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: both a reference to the unusual (ambiguous) nature of the GDN triad within the RNA-directed RNA polymerase motif of these (+)ssRNA viruses and the ambiguity related to the host of Diaporthe RNA virus , the first virus described for this group; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the type of replicase (RdRP) characteristic of carmo-like (from carnation mottle) plant viruses and from the Ancient Greek τετρα (tetra), the Greek cardinal 4, referring to the T=4 capsid architecture of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from tomato bushy stunt virus, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Leviviridae and Narnaviridae, two families included in the taxon; the suffix -viricota for phylum taxa

Etymology: from the Zulu amabili, meaning "twenty", referring to Saccharomyces 20S RNA narnavirus, a member of the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from the chemical element wolfram, (also known as tungsten, abbreviation: W), referring to the discovery of Saccharomyces 20S RNA narnavirus by sequencing "W dsRNA" of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from naked and RNA for ribonucleic acid, referring to the fact that viruses of the family have no true virion; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: referring to the split nature of the RdRP palm sub-domain; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Howell Township, New Jersey, USA, where a fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica) was isolated that was infected with a mitovirus; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Cryphonectria parasitica, the species of fungus in which the first mitovirus was discovered; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Greek mitos, meaning "thread", referring to replication of viruses in the family in the mitochondria of host fungi; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin levi, meaning "light", referring to Leviviridae, a family included in the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: to honour Norton Zinder, who isolated the first bacterial virus that contained RNA as its genetic material; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: to honour the Irish geneticist, John Atkins, for his discovery of the lysin protein from Escherichia virus MS2; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: to honour the Dutch scientist, Jan van Duin, for his discoveries related to novel bacterial ssRNA viruses; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: to honour the Belgian molecular biologist, Walter Fiers, who sequenced the first gene and genome of any virus, phage MS2; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: to honour the American molecular biologist Sol Spiegelman, who evolved a RNA chain of only 218 nucleotides that could be efficiently replicated by an exogenous RdRP; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: to honour Timothy Loeb who, with Norton Zinder, isolated the first bacterial positive-sense, single-stranded virus; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: to honour the American molecular biologist, Thomas Blumenthal, for his findings on the replication of bacterial ssRNA viruses, in particular the structure and function of the viral replicase; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: to honour the American biochemist Joan Argetsinger Steitz for her delineation of an initiation sequence that is central to modern-day ribosome profiling; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from ourmiavirus, itself from Ourmia (Urmia, Orumieh) a city in north-western Iran where Ourmia melon virus, a member of the taxon, was first found; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from ourmiavirus-like, referring to ourmiaviruses, members of the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from Botrytis, a genus of fungal hosts, and ourmia-like from Ourmia, a city in north-western Iran where Ourmia melon virus, a member of the family, was first found; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the genus Ourmiavirus, a child taxon of the family, referring to Ourmia, a city in north-western Iran where Ourmia melon virus was first found; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the genus Rhizoulivirus, a child taxon of the family, referring to a host, Rhizoctonia sp.; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin nega, meaning "to deny (negate)" and RNA for ribonucleic acid, referring to the genomic RNA polarity of viruses in the taxon; the suffix -viricota for phylum taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek ἁπλόoV (haplo), meaning "simple", referring to the generally mono-segmented genome of viruses in the taxon; the suffix -viricotina for subphylum taxa

Etymology: from Chūnqiū Shídài (春秋时代), the Spring and Autumn Period in which Qín and Yuè were states in China; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Mù (穆) the Duke of Qín, Qín being the ancient Chinese state during the Spring and Autumn Period; the suffix -virales for order taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from the Qín (秦) State during the Spring and Autumn of Chinese history; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: to honour RG Milne, senior author of the first paper describing ophioviruses; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Old English nædre (naedre), meaning "serpent", referring to the earlier name of the order, Serpentovirales, describing the serpent-like appearance of virions of viruses in the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Latin aspis, meaning “viper" or "snake”, referring to the morphology of virions of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Mononegavirales and Jingchuvirales, two orders in the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from Jīngchǔ (荆楚), a synonym for Chǔ (楚), a state in ancient China; the suffix -virales for order taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: phonetically from the Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos), meaning "other" or "another", possibly referring to the numerous families in the class Caudoviricetes; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Chǔ (楚) , a state during the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from the Latin crepusculum, meaning “twilight" or "dim”, possibly because megalopteran chu-related virus 119, a member of the family, was isolated from a corydalid fly species whose larvae remain under cover during the day but move in search of food at night; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Greek μύριοι (mýrioi), meaning "myriad", a now obsolete decimal metric prefix denoting a factor of 10⁴ (ten thousand), referring to the myriapod arthropod (millipedes and centipedes) hosts of some viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin natare, meaning “swim" or "float”, possibly because Wēnzhōu crab virus 3 was isolated from Charybdis japonica, the Asian paddle crab, a species of swimming crab; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek μόνος (monos), meaning "single", and the Latin negare, meaning "to deny (negate)", referring to the polarity and generally mono-segmented genome of viruses in the taxon ; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from arthropod, referring to the host phylum of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the German city of Borna, where many animals died of sporadic encephalopathy caused by Borna disease virus 1, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Latin filum, meaning “thread,” referring to the morphology of virions of members of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Lĭshì spider virus 2, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Mycota (fungi), referring to the host of viruses in the family, and Mononegavirales, the order that includes this virus family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Nyamanini Pan, where Nyamanini virus was isolated and Midway Atoll, where Midway virus was isolated, both members of the virus family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek παρά (pará), meaning “beside" and the Greek μύξα, (mýxa), meaning"mucus", referring to the association of some members of the family with respiratory infection; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Greek pneuma, meaning “breath”, referring to the transmission of viruses in this family by contact and airborne routes; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek ῥάβδος (rhabdos), meaning "rod", referring to the virion morphology of viruses in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: Greek mythology: Lyssa (Λυσσα) was a goddess, or spirit, of rage, fury, raging madness, and frenzy

Etymology: from Sunshine Coast virus, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Xīnchéng mosquito virus, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Yǔncháng (允常), the father of Gōujiàn, the future King of the ancient Chinese state Yuè; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Gōujiàn (勾踐), the king of the ancient Chinese Yuè State, during the Spring and Autumn Period; the suffix -virales for order taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from Yuè (越), a state during the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history; the suffix -viridae for family taxa; connection unclear

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek πολύπλοκοV (polyplo), meaning "complex", referring to the generally multi-segmented genome of viruses in the taxon; the suffix -viricotina for subphylum taxa

Etymology: from Bunyamwera virus (an orthobunyavirus), a member of the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: to honour Richard Elliott, a pioneer of bunyavirus molecular virology; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: from crustacean lincruvirus (an obsolete species name), referring to Wēnlǐng crustacean virus 9, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from fig mosaic virus, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the genus name Orthohantavirus, referring to the River Hantan (South Korea) where Hantaan virus, a member of the family, was discovered; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Ancient Greek περί (perí), meaning "around", and Bunyamwera virus, a member of the family named after Bunyamwera village (Uganda) where the virus was first isolated; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the genus name Orthophasmavirus, referring to phantom midges, host of the first isolated viruses of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the genus name Orthotospovirus (from tomato spotted wilt virus), a genus in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Tulasnella, the genus of the host fungus of Tulasnella bunyavirales-like virus 1, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Basque harea meaning “sand”, referring to arenavirids (arena being Spanish for sand) and sandfly-borne phenuivirids, viruses in the order; the suffix ‑virales for order taxa

Etymology: from the Spanish arena, meaning “sand", referring to the appearance of mammarenavirus particles observed by electron-microscopy; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from DiscVir, the name of the software used to discover some viruses of this family and addition of the vowel o; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the Japanese Ukonko (鬱金香), meaning "tulip", referring to the host of a member of the family; the suffix ‑viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Leishmania and bunyavirus, referring to a genus of Trypanosomatidae, that includes the host of isolation of Leptomonas moramango virus, and the order Bunyavirales, which includes the virus family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Húběi myriapoda virus 5, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Orthonairovirus, a genus in the family, referring to Nairobi (Kenya) where Nairobi sheep disease virus, a member of the family, was first isolated; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from the genus Phlebovirus, referring to phlebotomine vectors of sandfly fever group viruses, derived from the Ancient Greek φλέψ (phléps), meaning “vein”, and the genus Tenuivirus, from the Latin tenuis, meaning “thin”, describing the virion morphology of viruses in the genus, both genera in the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Tosohatchee Wildlife Management Area, Florida, USA, where the first member of the family was isolated; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: frfom Wǔhàn millipede virus 2, a member of the family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa

Etymology: from Alphainfluenzavirus, Isavirus and Thogotovirus, three genera in the taxon; the suffix -viricetes for class taxa

Etymology: from the Latin articulata, meaning "segmented", referring to the segmented genome of viruses in the taxon; the suffix -virales for order taxa

Etymology: phonetically from the Hebrew אַמְנוּן (amnun) for the fish tilapia, referring to tilapia lake virus, a member of this family; the suffix -viridae for family taxa