Virus Properties by Family

 

Columns in the table with blue text headers can be sorted by clicking on the header text. Clicking twice will reverse the sort order.

Family
This column lists the virus families that are recognized in the current Master Species List (MSL).

Genome composition
This column describes the chemical nature of the genome (DNA or RNA) and whether it is double-stranded (ds) or single stranded (ss). The suffix -RT indicates that reverse transcription is involved in the replication of the genome.

For ss genomes, the polarity of the genome is indicated: (+), mRNA polarity; (-), complementary to mRNA; (+/-), ambisense. At the family level, viruses with segmented genomes may have segments with different polarities (e.g., some arenaviruses have only ssRNA(-), others have ssRNA(-) and ssRNA(+/-) segments. In this case, the genome composition is designated as ssRNA(-); ssRNA(+/-) to indicate that both forms can be found in the genome.

Genome organization
This column indicates if the genome is a linear or circular molecule and the number of segments

Total genome size (kb or kbp)
This column indicates the range of sizes encompassed by genomes of virus isolates described in the current Virus Metadata Resource (VMR).

Envelope?
This column indicates if the virion is known to have, or not have, a lipid envelope. A value of "Yes or No" indicates the variable presence of an envelope. Viruses identified only by metagenomics will usually not have a value in this column (envelope is "not determined").

Virion shape
This column indicates the shape of the virion, as seen by electron microscopy. The column also includes some predicted morphologies but does not include information for many viruses identified only by metagenomics.

Virion size
This column indicates the range of virion sizes encompassed by virus isolates described in the current VMR.

Host
This column indicates the known host(s) of viruses in the family. Hosts are uncertain for many viruses, especially those described by metagenomic analysis of environmental samples. The term protist is used to mean any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant or fungus.

ICTV Report Chapter
This column provides a link to the relevant ICTV online report chapter.

Display families with the following properties:

Enter any part of a family name
Items per page
Family Genome composition Genome organization Total genome size (kb or kbp) Envelope? Virion shape Virion size Host ICTV Report Chapter
Lutetiaviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 83.0–83.1 predicted head-tail archaea
Madisaviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 49.1–49.2 no head-tail 50 nm diameter head, 110 nm long tail archaea Madisaviridae
Madridviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 19.3–19.8 no prolate, head-tail 65 nm long and 45 nm wide head, 20 nm long tail bacteria
Mahapunaviridae ssDNA(+/-) 1 circular segment 1.9–2.5 plants, invertebrates, vertebrates
Malacoherpesviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 207.4–211.6 yes pleomorphic, mostly spherical 150–200 nm diameter invertebrates
Mamonoviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 362.8–381.3 no icosahedral 260 nm diameter protists
Marnaviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 6.3–9.6 no icosahedral 22–35 nm diameter protists Marnaviridae
Marseilleviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 346.7–380.1 no icosahedral 190–250 nm diameter protists
Matonaviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 9.6–9.8 yes pleomorphic, mostly spherical 50–90 nm diameter vertebrates Matonaviridae
Matsushitaviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 17.0–19.7 no icosahedral 130 nm diameter bacteria
Maviroviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 19.0–19.1 no icosahedral 50–60 nm diameter protists
Mayoviridae ssRNA(+) 2 linear segments 7.6–9.3 no icosahedral 33 mn diameter plants
Medioniviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 25.0–25.1 invertebrates
Megabirnaviridae dsRNA 2 linear segments 13.9–17.0 no icosahedral 52 nm diameter fungi Megabirnaviridae
Megatotiviridae dsRNA 1 linear segment 12.4–13.4 no icosahedral 50 nm diameter fungi
Mesomimiviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 437.2–473.6 no icosahedral 150 nm diameter protists
Mesoniviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 18.9–21.0 yes spherical 60–120 nm diameter invertebrates
Mesyanzhinovviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 55.1–64.1 no prolate, head-tail 70 nm long and 50 nm wide head, 145 nm long tail bacteria
Metaviridae ssRNA-RT 2 identical linear segments 4.9–13.6 uncertain icosahedral VLP 47 nm diameter protists, fungi, plants, invertebrates, vertebrates Metaviridae
Metaxyviridae ssDNA(+) 3–4 circular segments 3.2–4.4 no icosahedral 20 nm diameter plants
Microviridae ssDNA(+) 1 circular segment 4.4–6.3 no icosahedral 25–30 nm diameter bacteria
Mimiviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 617.4–1992.0 no icosahedral 440–450 nm diameter (capsid) protists
Mitoviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 2.1–5.0 fungi, plants
Molycolviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 124.1–124.7 no head-tail 75 nm diameter head, 100 nm long tail bacteria
Monocitiviridae dsRNA 1 linear segment 6.0–6.1 no icosahedral 43 nm diameter fungi
Mononiviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 41.1–41.2 invertebrates
Mymonaviridae ssRNA(-) 1 linear segment 5.6–11.7 no filamentous 20–50 nm diameter, 1000 nm long protists, fungi, invertebrates Mymonaviridae
Mypoviridae ssRNA(-) 3 linear segments 15.9–16.0 invertebrates Mypoviridae
Myriaviridae ssRNA(-) 1 linear segment 13.5–13.6 invertebrates Myriaviridae
Nairoviridae ssRNA(-) 3 linear segments 17.4–21.1 yes spherical 80–120 nm diameter invertebrates, vertebrates Nairoviridae
Nanghoshaviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 13.1–13.2 vertebrates
Nanhypoviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 18.2–18.3 vertebrates
Nanoviridae ssDNA(+) 6–8 circular segments 6.3–8.2 no icosahedral 17–19 nm diameter plants Nanoviridae
Naomviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 75.0–75.1 no head-tail 50 nm diameter head, 220 nm long tail bacteria
Narnaviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 2.5–2.9 fungi
Naryaviridae ssDNA(+); ssDNA(+/-) 1 circular segment 1.7–2.8 predicted icosahedral protists
Natareviridae ssRNA(-) 1 linear segment 12.8–12.9 invertebrates Natareviridae
Nenyaviridae ssDNA(+) 1 circular segment 1.6–3.0 predicted icosahedral protists
Nimaviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 280.5–309.3 yes ellipsoid to bacilliform 70–170 nm diameter, 210–420 nm long invertebrates Nimaviridae
Nodaviridae ssRNA(+) 2 linear segments 4.2–4.6 no icosahedral 25–33 nm diameter invertebrates, vertebrates Nodaviridae
Noraviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 12.3–12.4 no icosahedral 30 nm diameter invertebrates
Nudiviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 96.9–231.7 yes rod-shaped or ellipsoidal 80–100 nm diameter, 210–420 nm long invertebrates Nudiviridae
Nyamiviridae ssRNA(-) 1–2 linear segments 7.4–13.3 yes spherical 100–130 nm diameter invertebrates, vertebrates Nyamiviridae
Olifoviridae ssRNA(+) 1 linear segment 15.3–15.4 vertebrates
Omnilimnoviroviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 23.3–23.4 protists
Ootiviridae dsRNA 1 linear segment 5.2–5.9 protists
Orlajensenviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 17.0–17.6 no head-tail 40 nm diameter head, 110 nm long tail bacteria
Orpheoviridae dsDNA 1 circular segment 1473.5–1473.6 no ovoid 1000–1500 nm long, 500 nm wide protists
Orthoherpesviridae dsDNA 1 linear segment 108.4–241.1 yes spherical 150–200 nm diameter vertebrates Orthoherpesviridae
Orthomyxoviridae ssRNA(-) 6–8 linear segments 10.3–14.4 yes spherical or filamentous 120 nm diameter or 80–95 nm diameter and >250 nm long invertebrates, vertebrates