Virus Properties

Order

Family or unassigned genus

Nature of the genome

Genome configuration

Genome size (kbp or kb)

Envelope?

Morphology

Virion size

Host*

Caudovirales

Myoviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

31–317

−

icosahedral head with tail

icosahedral heads: 60–145 nm; elongated heads: 80 × 110 nm; tail: 16–20×80–455 nm

B, Ar

Caudovirales

Podoviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

16–78

−

icosahedral head with short tail

head: 60–70 nm tail: 10–20 nm

B

Caudovirales

Siphoviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

21–134

−

icosahedral head with tail

head: 40–80 nm; tail: 5–10 nm×100–210 nm

B, Ar

Herpesvirales

Alloherpesviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

134–295

+

spherical virion, icosahedral core

160–300 nm

V

Herpesvirales

Herpesviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

125–241

+

spherical virion, icosahedral core

160–300 nm

V

Herpesvirales

Malacoherpesviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

207

+

icosahedral

160–300 nm

I

Unassigned family

Adenoviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

26–48

−

icosahedral

70–90 nm

V

Unassigned family

Ampullaviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

24

+

bottle-shaped

75 to 4 nm×230 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Ascoviridae

dsDNA

circular genome

110–190

+

bacilliform, ovoidal, allantoid

130 nm×200–400 nm

I

Unassigned family

Asfarviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

165–190

+

icosahedral

200–250 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Baculoviridae

dsDNA

circular supercoiled genome

80–180

+

rod-shaped

30–60 nm×250–300 nm

I

Unassigned family

Bicaudaviridae

dsDNA

circular genome

63

+

lemon shaped, two-tailed

80 nm×120–400 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Corticoviridae

dsDNA

circular supercoiled genome

10.1

−

icosahedral, internal membrane

60 nm

B

Unassigned family

Fuselloviridae

dsDNA

circular supercoiled genome

15–18

+

lemon-shaped

55–60 nm×80–100 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Globuloviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

21–28

+

spherical

70–100 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Guttaviridae

dsDNA

circular genome

20

+

droplet-shaped

75–90 nm×110–185 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Iridoviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

140–303

+/−

icosahedral, spherical

120–350 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Lipothrixviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

16–42

+

filamentous

24–38 nm×410–2200 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Mimiviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

1200

−

pseudo-icosahedral

750 nm

Pr

Unassigned family

Nimaviridae

dsDNA

circular genome

300

+

ovoid, bacilliform

120–150 nm×270–290 nm

I

Unassigned family

Papillomaviridae

dsDNA

circular genome

6.8–8.4

−

icosahedral

55 nm

V

Unassigned family

Phycodnaviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

100–560

−

icosahedral

100–220 nm

Al

Unassigned family

Plasmaviridae

dsDNA

circular supercoiled genome

12

+

quasi-spherical, pleomorphic

50–125 nm

B

Unassigned family

Pleolipoviridae

dsDNA or ssDNA

circular or linear genome

7-16

+

quasi-spherical, pleomorphic

40-70 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Polydnaviridae

dsDNA

multiple circular supercoiled segments

total genome: 190–600

+

prolate ellipsoid

bracovirus nucleocapsids: 34–40 nm×8–150 nm; ichnovirus nucleocapsids: 85 nm×330 nm

I

Unassigned family

Polyomaviridae

dsDNA

circular genome

4.7–5.4

−

icosahedral

40–45 nm

V

Unassigned family

Poxviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

130–375

+

pleomorphic

140–260 nm×220 nm×450 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Rudiviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

25–35

−

rod-shaped

23 nm×600–900 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Tectiviridae

dsDNA

1 linear segment

15

−

icosahedral

66 nm

B

Unassigned genus

Rhizidiovirus

dsDNA

1 linear segment

27 (estimate)

−

icosahedral

60 nm

Pr

Unassigned genus

Salterprovirus

dsDNA

1 linear segment

14.5

+

lemon-shaped

44–77 nm

Ar

Unassigned family

Anelloviridae

ssDNA (−)

circular genome

2–4

−

icosahedral

30 nm

V

Unassigned family

Circoviridae

ssDNA (+/–)

circular genome

1.7-2.1

−

icosahedral

12–27 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Geminiviridae

ssDNA (+/−)

1 or 2 circular segments

2.5-3 per segment

−

icosahedral

22×38 nm

P

Unassigned family

Inoviridae

ssDNA (+)

circular genome

inoviruses: 5.8–12.4; plectroviruses: 4.5–8.2

−

inoviruses: filamentous; plectroviruses: rod-shaped

inoviruses: 7 nm×700–3500 nm; plectroviruses: 15 nm×200–400 nm

B

Unassigned family

Microviridae

ssDNA (+)

circular genome

4.4–6.1

−

icosahedral

25–27 nm

B

Unassigned family

Nanoviridae

ssDNA (+)

nanoviruses: 8; babuviruses: 6 circular segments

0.98–1.1 per segment

−

icosahedral

18–20 nm

P

Unassigned family

Parvoviridae

ssDNA (+/−)

1 linear segment

4–6.3

−

icosahedral

21–26 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Caulimoviridae

dsDNA-RT

non-covalently closed circular genome

7.2–9.2

−

icosahedral, bacilliform

icosahedral: 50–52 nm; bacilliform: 30 nm×130–150 nm

P

Unassigned family

Hepadnaviridae

dsDNA-RT

non-covalently closed circular genome

3–4

+

spherical

42–50 nm

V

Unassigned family

Metaviridae

ssRNA-RT (+)

1 linear segment

4–10

+/−

intracellular virus-like particles and/or enveloped extracellular virions

unknown

F, I, P, V

Unassigned family

Pseudoviridae

ssRNA-RT (+)

1 linear segment

5–9

−

spherical, icosahedral

60–80 nm

Al, F, I, P, Pr

Unassigned family

Retroviridae

ssRNA-RT (+)

1 linear segment (dimer)

7–13

+

spherical

80–100 nm

V

Unassigned family

Birnaviridae

dsRNA

2 linear segments

3.5, 3

−

icosahedral

65 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Chrysoviridae

dsRNA

4 linear segments

3.6, 3.2, 3.0, 2.9

−

icosahedral

35–40 nm

F

Unassigned family

Cystoviridae

dsRNA

3 linear segments

6.4; 4.1; 2.9

+

spherical

85 nm

B

Unassigned family

Endornaviridae

dsRNA

1 linear segment

14–18

N/A

pleomorphic RNA-containing vesicles

no virions; viral RNA contained in cytoplasmic vesicles

Al, F, P

Unassigned family

Partitiviridae

dsRNA

2 linear segments

1.4–2.4 per segment

−

icosahedral

~25–43 nm

P, F, Pr

Unassigned family

Picobirnaviridae

dsRNA

2 linear segments

2.4–2.6, 1.5–1.9

−

icosahedral

33–37 nm

V

Unassigned family

Reoviridae

dsRNA

9–12 linear segments

total genome: 19–32

−

turreted (Spinareovirinae) or non-turreted (Sedoreovirinae) icosahedral capsid

60–85 nm

F, I, P, V, Pr

Unassigned family

Totiviridae

dsRNA

1 linear segment

4–7

−

icosahedral

33–40 nm

F, Pr

Mononegavirales

Bornaviridae

ssRNA (−)

1 linear segment

9

+

spherical

90–130 nm

V

Mononegavirales

Filoviridae

ssRNA (−)

1 linear segment

19

+

bacilliform, filamentous

80 nm×660–800 nm

V

Mononegavirales

Nyamiviridae

ssRNA (−)

1 linear segment

11-12

+

spherical, pleomorphic

100-130 nm

V, I

Mononegavirales

Paramyxoviridae

ssRNA (−)

1 linear segment

13–19

+

spherical, filamentous, pleomorphic

>150 nm

V

Mononegavirales

Rhabdoviridae

ssRNA (−)

1 linear segment

11–15

+

bullet-shaped, bacilliform

45–100 nm×100–430 nm

V, I, P

Unassigned family

Arenaviridae

ssRNA (+/−)

2 linear segments

7.5, 3.5

+

spherical, pleomorphic

50–300 nm

V

Unassigned family

Bunyaviridae

ssRNA (+/−)

3 linear segments

6.4–12.3, 3.9–5.4, 0.96–3.0

+

spherical

80–120 nm

V, I, P

Unassigned family

Ophioviridae

ssRNA (−)

3 or 4 linear segments

7.6-8.2; 1.6-1.9; 1.4-1.5; 1.4

−

naked filamentous nucleocapsids, in shape of kinked circles

3 nm×>=760 nm

P

Unassigned family

Orthomyxoviridae

ssRNA (−)

6–8 linear segments

0.7–2.4 per segment

+

spherical, filamentous, pleomorphic

80–120 nm

V, I

Unassigned genus

Deltavirus

ssRNA (−)

circular genome

1.7

+

spherical

36–43 nm

V

Unassigned genus

Emaravirus

ssRNA (−)

4 linear segments

7, 2.3, 1.6, 1.4

+

spherical

80–100 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Tenuivirus

ssRNA (+/−)

4–6 linear segments

total genome: 17–23

−

filamentous

3–10 nm×>100 nm

P, I

Unassigned genus

Varicosavirus

ssRNA (−)

2 linear segments

6.8, 6.1

−

rod-shaped

18 nm×320–360 nm

P

Nidovirales

Arteriviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

13–16

+

spherical, pleomorphic

50–74 nm

V

Nidovirales

Coronaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

26–32

+

spherical, bacilliform

spherical: 120–160 nm; bacilliform: 75–90 nm×170–200 nm

V

Nidovirales

Roniviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

26

+

bacilliform

40–60 nm×150–200 nm

I

Picornavirales

Dicistroviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

8.5–10

−

icosahedral

30 nm

I

Picornavirales

Iflaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

8.8–10

−

icosahedral

26–30 nm

I

Picornavirales

Marnaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

8.6

−

icosahedral

25 nm

Al

Picornavirales

Picornaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

6.7-9.9

−

icosahedral

30-32 nm

V

Picornavirales

Secoviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 or 2 linear segments

monopartite: 9.8–12.5; bipartite: 5.8–8.4, 3.3–7.3

−

icosahedral

25–30 nm

P

Tymovirales

Alphaflexiviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

6–9

−

filamentous

10–15 nm×470–800 nm

P, F

Tymovirales

Betaflexiviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

6–9

−

filamentous

10–15 nm×600–1000 nm

P

Tymovirales

Gammaflexiviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

7

−

filamentous

13×720 nm

F

Tymovirales

Tymoviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

6–7.5

−

icosahedral

30 nm

P, I

Unassigned family

Astroviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

6–8

−

icosahedral

28–30 nm

V

Unassigned family

Barnaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

4

−

bacilliform

18–20 nm×48–53 nm

F

Unassigned family

Bromoviridae

ssRNA (+)

3 linear segments

3.4, 2.8, 2.3

−

icosahedral, bacilliform

icosahedral: 25–35 nm; bacilliform: 18–26 nm×30–85 nm

P

Unassigned family

Caliciviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

7–8

−

icosahedral

35-40 nm

V

Unassigned family

Closteroviridae

ssRNA (+)

1–3 linear segments

monopartite: 13–19; bipartite: 8–9, 8–9; tripartite: 8, 5.3, 3.9

−

filamentous

12 nm×650–2000 nm

P

Unassigned family

Flaviviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

9–13

+

spherical

40–60 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Hepeviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

6.6–7.2

−

icosahedral

27–34 nm

V

Unassigned family

Hypoviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

9–13

N/A

pleomorphic RNA-containing vesicles

no virions; viral RNA contained in cytoplasmic vesicles

F

Unassigned family

Leviviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

3.5–4.3

−

icosahedral

26 nm

B

Unassigned family

Luteoviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

5–6

−

icosahedral

25–30 nm

P

Unassigned family

Narnaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

2–3

N/A

no true virions.; intracellular RNP complex

N/A

F

Unassigned family

Nodaviridae

ssRNA (+)

2 linear segments

3.1, 1.4

−

icosahedral

33 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Potyviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 or 2 linear segments

monopartite: 9.3–10.8; bipartite: 7.3–7.6, 3.5–3.7

−

filamentous

monopartite:11-15 nm×650–900 nm; bipartite: 11–15 nm×250–300 and 500–600 nm

P

Unassigned family

Tetraviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 or 2 linear segments

monopartite: 5.7–6.6; bipartite: 5.3–5.5, 2.5

−

icosahedral

40 nm

I

Unassigned family

Togaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

9.7 to 11.8

+

spherical

60–70 nm

V, I

Unassigned family

Tombusviridae

ssRNA (+)

1 or 2 linear segments

monopartite: 3.7–4.8; bipartite: 3.8, 1.4

−

icosahedral

28–35 nm

P

Unassigned family

Virgaviridae

ssRNA (+)

1–3 linear segments

monopartite: 6.3–6.6; bipartite: 6–7, 1.8–4.5; tripartite: 3.7–6, 3.0–3.6, 2.5–3.2

−

rod-shaped

18–21 nm×50–310 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Benyvirus

ssRNA (+)

4 or 5 linear segments

6.7, 4.6, 1.8, 1.4, 1.3

−

rod-shaped

20 nm×65–390 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Cilevirus

ssRNA (+)

2 linear segments

8.7, 5.0

−

bacilliform

50–55 nm×120–130 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Idaeovirus

ssRNA (+)

2 linear segments

5.5, 2.2

−

icosahedral

33 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Ourmiavirus

ssRNA (+

3 linear segments

2.8, 1.1, 0.97

−

bacilliform

18 nm×30–62 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Polemovirus

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

4.6

−

icosahedral

34 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Sobemovirus

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

4–5

−

icosahedral

25–30 nm

P

Unassigned genus

Umbravirus

ssRNA (+)

1 linear segment

4.0–4.2

N/A

no true virions; intracellular RNP complex

N/A

P

Viroids

Avsunviroidae

RNA

1 circular (non-coding) segment

250–400 nts

−

unencapsidated; rod-like

<50 nm

P

Viroids

Pospiviroidae

RNA

1 circular (non-coding) segment

250–375 nts

−

unencapsidated; rod-like

<50 nm

P

Prions

Fungal Prions

Protein

N/A

variable number of amino acid residues

N/A

filamentous fibers, particles, aggregates

variable

F

Prions

Vertebrate Prions

Protein

N/A

variable number of amino acid residues

N/A

rod-shaped, filamentous fibers, particles, aggregates

variable

V